Wildlife is probably the most relatable aspect of nature. We all want to see squirrels, deer, bears, and lynx. But do we know how best to manage a working landscape to ensure those species continue to thrive? That is the question we talked about today. How do we begin to look at forest management from the perspective of the critters? How do we incorporate wildlife values into forest management so we always have plenty of cool creatures to see when we are out with our family in the great wide open.

What is a forest? How do we define it? Is it the trees? The wildlife? The soil or the water? What about a place to find food or a spiritual connection? Forests are all of these things. So when we talk about sustainable forest management shouldn’t we be talking about all of these factors? Today’s conversation was about how to move forest management into the future. It was about how we can ensure that our forests are sustainable for everyone forever.

What is the story of Canada? Discovery? Conquest? What about Treaty? Most of us think of Treaty as a different set of laws and rights pertaining only to Indigenous people. Turns out, it affects and includes all of us. Treaties are the story of how this country came to be. Treaties stand as a symbol of how sovereign nations can form bonds of mutual agreement to live and prosper together. At least that is what they are supposed to be. How did it get so messed up? And how can we make it about cooperation and prosperity again? First, we have to understand the history of how treaties came to be and what they really are. Only then can we move into the future and grow together as partners in this experiment we call Canada.

Ever wonder what your backyard looked like 10,000 years ago? 100,000 years ago? 1,000,000 years ago? I did, so I went looking for someone with some answers. The boreal forest covers 33% of the world’s forested area making it the biggest forest in the world. Canada contains 28% of the world’s boreal forest and I wanted to learn how it came to be the way we see it today. How fast did things change? How much change was there? Learning from our past is a great way to help us understand our future. What better way to understand the rate of our changing climate than to look at how it compares to climates of the past.

We all understand that climate change is bad and that we should do something to stop it, but why then do we all struggle to put our money where our mouth is. People want to invest in companies that are taking steps to reduce their carbon footprint, but they fear being made to look like a fool. Carbon markets used to be seen as a scam, a way for people to profit from climate change. But with new technology comes the ability for buyers to actually see what they are buying. Pachama is one company trying to make the carbon market more transparent and trustworthy. By using remote sensing and deep learning technology, Pachama is able to map forest carbon capture overtime, allowing buyers to actually see what they are paying for. The carbon market is one way we can put our money where our mouth is and invest in the fight against climate change.

Sustainability is a buzz word in our society today. Everyone hears the word, but do we really understand the idea? Sustainability encompasses all aspects of human life, it helps us to define our success on this planet from economic prosperity, social justice, healthcare, happiness, and of course environmental integrity. Sustainability is the way forward. In his book, Sustainability-A history, Jeremy L. Caradonna describes not only the history of the sustainability movement but the benefits of, and arguments for, why it is our best hope to continue to thrive as a society deep into the future. Sustainability is in everyone’s best interest.

Getting outdoors during this pandemic has been stressful. Which it is not supposed to be. Where are the lines we don’t want to cross? The lines between keeping yourself and the public safe and enjoying your outdoor activities. Should you see friends outside? What about traveling to your favorite lake or hiking trail? The Alberta Conservation Association weighs in on how we can all be safe and still enjoy the outdoors. Then we speak to Ellen Macdonald from the University of Alberta about how post-secondary has been affected? How do you keep students engaged? Test them? Do research? Most importantly, keep their education coming and not hold back the careers of our future environmental leaders.

So a global pandemic has ruined your hiking plans. Clearly, there are more important things to worry about right now, but getting out in nature is how many of us relax and reset. How can we enjoy the outdoors and help ourselves manage the stress of our situation without putting public health at risk? How can we connect to nature when we are stuck inside? On the other hand, what about our jobs? What about the mills we depend on for sustainable materials. The material we use to build our homes and make medical-grade masks. How are our sustainable business coping with the pandemic?

The majority of northern Alberta is covered in thick forest, but it may have looked very different only 100 years ago. What is now dense mixedwood forest once contained a vast network of grasslands, supporting the iconic bison and a multitude of First Nations people. This landscape has been changed, not because people took it over, but because they were kicked out. First Nations people used to burn this landscape at regular intervals in order to maintain grassland ecosystems that supported their way of life, as well as the many species that depended on it, like the bison. In the 1920’s, First nations people were prohibited from practicing their cultural traditions, and wildfire suppression became the policy of the day. As a result, the forest took over and we lost a very unique landscape. Dr. Patricia McCormack tells us about how we know this happened and what we can learn from it.

Imagine traveling across the grasslands of North America and needing to take a three-day rest stop between destinations because there is a heard of 100,000 Bison slowly grazing their way across the landscape. That would have been the norm less than 200 years ago. Before the commercial hunt of the late 1800s, tens of millions of these bovine behemoths covered the land. They were the most prominent large mammal on the continent for thousands of years, shaping landscapes, creating habitat and defining the wild. From a low of roughly 1000 individual Bison in the 1880s, today we have managed to bring back this species from the brink of extinction through 100 years of hard-fought conservation efforts. Bison were crucial to the original inhabitants of Canada roughly 13,000 years ago and they are responsible for building the thriving economy we enjoy today in North America. We owe Bison a great deal.

How can we find proof of what happened in the past? Written accounts by the people of the day are helpful, but how can we prove what they are saying is factual and not just one person’s biased assessment? Luckily, when it comes to our natural world we have the most reliable eye witness…trees. Tree rings hold within them the story of the past, they can tell us all kinds of things about climatic conditions, fires, floods, droughts, forest pest outbreaks, and more. Archeology holds tree ring data as one of the most dependable timestamps, they even use it to truth carbon dating. The study of tree rings, Dendrochronology, is a fascinating world of discovery that has delivered much to our understanding of the past, and therefore our future.

Where does your drinking water come from? What protects your home from floods? Where is 60 percent of all the carbon stored in Canadian soils? What provides habitat for countless species of ducks, songbirds, insects, and rodents? … Wetlands.

The National Boreal Program of Ducks Unlimited Canada watches over the roughly 1 million square Kilometers of wetlands in Canada’s Boreal Forest. If you want an answer about wetlands, you talk to them. So that’s what I did. The National Manager for the Boreal Program Kevin Smith and a Remote Sensing Specialist Michael Merchant came on the podcast to discuss their work and the importance of wetlands to society and the integrity of our natural world.

Photo credit to ©DUC

An ice age relic living among us, Caribou are perhaps a remnant of an age long gone. Woodland Caribou are a beautiful, important, and yet many claim, a very poorly adapted species. In the cold northern wetlands of the Boreal forest, they have survived by living out of reach of predators. Woodland Caribou occupy a delicate niche that is highly susceptible to change. As such, they are at increased risk of extirpation. In Canada, there is a growing effort to help restore Woodland Caribou habitat to a state that allows for sustainable populations to exist. One major hurdle facing restoration is the vast network of seismic lines that riddle the Boreal forest from oil and gas exploration. Millions of kilometers of straight lines through the forest canopy open up travel for predators. Couple that with climatic changes and low birth rates, and this delicate species is facing a challenging future. Luckily, there is hope. Many companies have dedicated funding to research and restoration efforts to find answers to the caribou problem. Scott Nielsen’s Applied Conservation and Ecology Lab has found some answers.

Many people spend much of their time in the outdoors hoping to achieve something. Whether it’s hiking to the peak of a mountain, catching the biggest fish, harvesting an animal, or running the furthest distance, we often forget to enjoy the little things. Bruce is a lifelong outdoor writer, and he prides himself on being able to capture the emotion of a moment, allowing his readers to feel that moment again. His attention to the little details allows readers to journey to memories they forgot they had. Bruce is not trying to sell an idea or opinion, just providing a connection to our own memories of the outdoors. His book “One Last Cast- reflections of an outdoor life” is an incredible journey for all readers to find their own wilderness ideas within themselves.

Outro song “The Creek” was written by Edmonton musician Sarah Masterman and performed by herself and Nadine Veroba.

Living harmoniously with wildlife is not something western society has been able to do very well in the past. That being said, in the last few decades we have witnessed a societal push for more sustainable management of our wildlife species and wild places. With these values in mind we find ourselves asking what can we do better? How can we alter our own behaviour in a way that makes living with bears easier. Courtney Hughes has been researching the social dimensions of bears, and other wildlife, for years now and has some thoughts on how we can create successful interactions between bears and all land users.